Plant hydraulics: new discoveries in the pipeline.

Increasing numbers of plant scientists are recognizing the importance of hydraulic design in determining plant function. Hydraulic design – which can be broadly defined as the functional properties of the plant vascular system – is a determinant not only of plant water balance but also of photosynthetic rates and ecological niche differentiation. Classic approaches (Tyree & Zimmermann, 2002) and newer concepts (Holbrook & Zwieniecki, 2005) are being applied to questions central to the evolution and ecology of plant species, ranging from organ to organism to ecosystem. A recent workshop held in southern California reflected diverse research programs but also highlighted a convergence of interest on key questions and promising approaches. Several breakout sessions focused on defining pressing questions of plant hydraulics and on addressing the critical need for standardization of practices for research on these topics.